We assessed the robustness of the differences in outcomes between cohorts by repeating the analysis in different scenarios. We investigated how these estimates were affected by COVID-19 severity, as proxied by hospitalisation, intensive therapy unit (ITU) admission, and encephalopathy (delirium and related disorders). Using a Cox model, we compared incidences with those in propensity score-matched cohorts of patients with influenza or other respiratory tract infections. We estimated the incidence of 14 neurological and psychiatric outcomes in the 6 months after a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19: intracranial haemorrhage ischaemic stroke parkinsonism Guillain-Barré syndrome nerve, nerve root, and plexus disorders myoneural junction and muscle disease encephalitis dementia psychotic, mood, and anxiety disorders (grouped and separately) substance use disorder and insomnia. All cohorts included patients older than 10 years who had an index event on or after Jan 20, 2020, and who were still alive on Dec 13, 2020. Patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 or a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 were excluded from the control cohorts.
Our primary cohort comprised patients who had a COVID-19 diagnosis one matched control cohort included patients diagnosed with influenza, and the other matched control cohort included patients diagnosed with any respiratory tract infection including influenza in the same period. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacificįor this retrospective cohort study and time-to-event analysis, we used data obtained from the TriNetX electronic health records network (with over 81 million patients).The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia.The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.
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